Definition

A fine-grained sedimentary rock formed from compacted clay and silt, characterized by thin layers that split easily into sheets. Shale is one of the most abundant rock types and is significant in geology, oil and gas extraction (particularly with hydraulic fracturing), and as a source of petroleum and natural gas.

Example Usage

Geologists discovered that the oil-bearing shale formations extended deeper than previously estimated.

Origin

From Old English 'sceal,' related to Germanic words for splitting or breaking, referring to the rock's natural tendency to cleave into thin layers.

Fun Fact

Shale oil and shale gas extraction via fracking has revolutionized energy production in the United States, making the country a net energy exporter for the first time in decades.

Source: Definition backfill (hailey)

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