Numbers dressed up in fancy suits pretending to be words.
A change in an asset's recorded value to reflect what the market currently thinks it's worth. Sometimes this is realistic; sometimes it's a company admitting it made a terrible investment.
The difference between a company's book balance and actual bank balance due to checks written but not yet cleared. Temporary money that doesn't belong to you but you can use anyway.
Trading ahead of client orders by using insider knowledge of pending transactions; highly illegal and incredibly profitable if caught slowly.
An independent examination of financial statements to verify they're accurate and follow accounting standards. It's the financial equivalent of a teacher grading a student's homework—usually they find mistakes.